Dense tropical rainforest, often referred to as jungle or wet forest, Ecuador. The Layered Vegetation: In the center, a tree fern is clearly visible with its characteristic umbrella-shaped fronds. There are tall trees forming the canopy, medium-sized shrubs, and a dense herbaceous layer on the ground, which limits the penetration of direct light. Many plants grow directly on the trunks of trees (epiphytes), including mosses and ferns. This is a typical sign of very high ambient humidity. The variety of leaf shapes (large broad leaves like Araceae on the left, finely divided fern fronds, delicate foliage) reflects the high biodiversity of this environment. Each plant "strives" to rise or adapt its leaves to capture even the slightest ray of sunlight. It is a complex environment where each species occupies a very specific ecological niche to survive in this competitive yet resource-rich setting.